Updated Nov 25, 2024
I have the following Synology NAS's:
| Model | Year | Bays | RAID | Capacity |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DS220+ | 2020 | 2 | 1 | 10.5 |
| DS1819+ | 2019 | 8 | 5 | 26.2 |
| DS1511+ | 2011 | 5 | 5 | 10 |
Synology usually supports their NAS's for at least 10 years. Unfortunately, my DS1511+ is no longer supported. It does not receive security updates. It runs DiskStation 6.2. It is stuck at SMB 2.0, and its file system is ext4, and not Btrfs (B-Trees File System).
Btrfs is a modern file system the focuses on fault tolerance and snapshots.
| DS1522+ | 5 | 2022 | $700 |
| DS923+ | 4 | 2023 | $600 |
| DS423+ | 4 | 2023 | $500 |
| DS723+ | 2 | 2023 | $450 |
| Web DSM Interface | 5000/5001 |
| Hyper-Backup | 6281 |
| Share Sync | 6690 |
| VPN |
Set up both an administrator user and a regular user. Give the regular user read/write privileges and use the regular user to access the drive. Disable the administrative account named "admin". This is a vulnerability that botnets used to place ransomware on Synology NAS.
Make sure "Enable auto block" is checked and Login attempts 10 within 5 minutes. Also check the box "Enable block expiration" and set unblock after 1 or 2 days.
Make sure the minimum SMB protocol is SMB2 , and under the "Other Tab" make sure that the "Enable NTLMv1 authentication" is unchecked .
References:
Manually Update Incremental
The best I can determine, you must update incrementally. That is, use the Upgrade from your current DSM version to your preferred version. This will list links to the updates and specify the order to install them.
It looks like you can just update to the final version, but I repeatedly received the following error message: message: This file may have been corrupted. Please redownload the update file (.pat) from Synology Download Center. [ok]
I tried with Debian / Firefox - Windows Firefox - Windows Edge
References:
USB C Drives have a speed advantage over Ethernet Network Drives:
| USB C Drive | 10 Gbits/sec |
| Ethernet Drive | 1 Gbits/sec |
My WD Elements. USB 3.0, 20 TB, drive backed up a Synology 220 NAS with 8.5 TB of data in 14 hours. Over an Ethernet connection, it would have taken almost 6 days.
You should format the usb drive as exFAT. This will allow you to read and copy files from Windows, MacOS, and Linux. You can do incremental copies. Usbcopy does not have a progress bar or GBytes copied. You are blind. This did work on an encrypted share. That is, I exported the share to a usb drive and the files were not encrypted on the usb drive. Good for an offline backup.
References:
Drive-Sync allows you to synchronize two different NAS's. Changes can be made to either NAS, and it will sync the other NAS. You need to be using snapshots with this method.
Active-backup allows you to do a bare metal backup of everything on the drive. It does delta backups. After the first backup, it only backups the files that have changed since the last backup. Active backups are good for enterprises.
Snapshot Replication allows you to sync two NAS, but the second drive is read only.
Cloud-Sync allows you to back up to the cloud i.e. DropBox, Google Drive, One Drive, etc.
You need at least as much free space on the drive as the share that you are encrypting or decrypting [1]. The first thing DMS does is make a copy of the share so that it can be restored in case there are errors.
Encrypted shared folders can result in encrypted backups. For example, I did a Hyperbackup (single version) on an 8.35 TB drive, and 14 hours later, I found out that the backup was encrypted.
You can decrypt an encrypted drive: Control Panel > Shared Folder , select the folder, go to the Encryption tab , untick Encrypt this shared folder.
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